Rotary piston drill



Feb. 12 1924. A. SCHINKE;

ROTARY PlsToN DRILL Filed March 2v, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet l NI Il .IIIII Feb., 12 1924;.

A. SCHINKEZ ROTARY PIsToN DRILL mea Mam 2v. 1920 2 sheets-snm 'z reame@ ret. i2, ieee.

. x @mi T il Fi' o ALBERT SCHINKEZ, OF GRAND HAVEN, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO WILLIAM H. KELLER,

I INC., F GRAND HAVEN, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

ROTARY PISTON DRILL.

Application filed March 27, 1920.` Serial No. 369,180.

To all whom 'it mg/ concern.'

Be it known that I, ALBERT SGHINKEZ,

an Austrian subject, residing' at Grand Haven, in the county of Ottawa and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Piston Drills, of which the following is a specification. The invention vrelates actuated tool such, for example, as a pneumatic drill; and thegeneral object of thel inventionv is to provide pneumatic drill of a practical and efficient character wherein pressure fluid is employed in such a manner as to `act directly upon a rotary element to rotate the same. A further aim ofthe'invention is to provide a tool of the character stated in which the operating mechanism is advantageously arranged within a casing of convenient size and shape, providing a tool of relatively light weight and of high efficiency in operation. The objects'of the invention thus generally stated togetherwith other and an-A cillary advantages may be attained by the construction and arrangement illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming part hereof in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal. central sectional view through a tool embodying the features of my invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional View somewhat similar to Fig. 1 but show.- ing the operating mechanism in elevation.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on'line 3.-3 of' Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on line 4--4 of Fig. l, Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is'a transverse section taken on line 6--6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is asectional view taken in the plane of line 7'7 of Fig. 1 and showing the pressure fluid inlet and exhaust ports. Fig. 8 is `a section taken on line 8 of Fig. 1- showing a detail of construction.

The tool comprises, generally, a casing or barrel 1 having a handle 2 on its rear end and a tool spindle 3 rotatably mounted at its forward end in a journal 4. The

handle comprises the usual hand portion.

2a and Iforward portion 2", and is provided with a passageway 5 for ressure-fiuid which passageway is manua y controlled to a pressure fluidv by suitable valve means 6 of ordinary con-' struction. 7 designates a rotatable element mounted in the forward end of the casing and operatively. connected with the tool spindle and also with a series of pistons 8 operable'in a series of cylinders provided by an element 9 which is rotatably mounted in the rear end rof the barnel. Pressurefluid is admitted successively to the cylinders of said element 9 by way of a distributor comprising an annular rotatable element 10 rigid with the element 9 and provided with a series of passages establishing communication between the respective cylinders and with two ports 11 and 12 provided in a stationary element formed by a member 1 3. The latter is mounted -in the rear end of the barrel and is adapted to control such 'communication between the ports 11 andlQ and the cylinders whereby to cause the pistons to act upon the element 7 and impart a rotary motion thereto, the

cylinders and the rotatable section of the distributor rotating with the element to effect the distribution of the pressure-Huid.

The'casing or barrel 1 is made in two sections 1a and 1b secured together: by means of bolts 14 entered through the forward` end wall of the section 1b and screw-threaded into lugs 15 provided upon the inner periphery of the sectipn 1a at vthe forward end thereof. Preferably the section la and thevhandle are formed integrally while the ksection 1* carries the journal 4 for the drill spindle 3. Said spindle has fixed upon its rear end, within the barrel, a bevel pinion `15 which meshes with a bevel pinion 16 rigid with the rotatable element 7. Said element is inthe form `of a plate or disk having a tubular sleeve 17 journaled upon a stem or post 1S fixed in the forward wall of the barrel. as entered at its forward end through a bearing or boss 19 and clamped in position 21 and 22 of suitable construction are preferably provided between the sleeve and collars 1'8a and 18b at opposite ends of the stem, the collar 18 belng formed integral with'the stem and the latter secured thereon by means of a nut 20a.

As shown clearly in Figs. 1 and '2, the stem 18 is disposed diagonally of the barrel Said post is hereiny shown.

by means of a nut 20; and friction bearings y and the element- 7 at the forward end of its bearing sleeve 17 is inclined from the verti- .cal with its center located substantially centrally of the barrel. The connections bctween the, element 7 and the pistons 8 comprise a plurality of pitmen 23 universally connected at their opposite ends to the element and the pistons respectively. To this end the element 7 is provided in its forward face with a series of sockets 24 for receiving balls 25 provided on the forward ends of the pitmen. Upon the forward face of the element is secured a plate 26 having apertures of diameters somewhat less than the balls 25 and serving to retain the balls in position in their sockets. Similarly the opposite ends of the pitmen 23 are provided with balls 27 fitting in sockets 28 provided in central bearing blocks 29 formed integral with the-pistons; and spring clips 3() (Fig. 8) entered in grooves 31 near the forward ends of said sockets serve to retain the balls in position therein.

The ele-ment 9 is adapted to pro-vide cyl-i' inders for the pistons 8, herein four in number. Preferably said element is formed from a single piece of metal in which are formed cylinders 32, 32a, 32b and 32. It will be understod that any suitable or preferred number of cylinders may be ernployed. For the purpose of rotatably mounting said element 9 in the barrel 1, the latter has a central bearing stud or journal 33 disposed axially of the barrel. Said stud 33 may be formed'integral with the member 13 mounted in the rear end of the casing in a manner to be later set forth. The rear end of the element 9 bears against an annular shoulder 34 formed at the rear end of the journal 33, and a. screw 35 entered in the forward end of the journal so as to co-operate with the shoulder 34 in holding the element upon the journal. To further provide a bearing for the rear end of the element 9 and to receive the rearward thrust in the operation of the tool, suitable antifriction bearings 36 are provided between the rear wall of the element and the rear wall ofthe barrel. In order that the elements 7 and 9 shall be retained in proper relative positions circumferentially of the barrel as they rotate inA the operation of the- -tool, a pair of pins '37 are employed' to serve -as.an additional connection between the element 7 and the element 9. Said pins, at their rear ends, are fixed in substantially diametrically' opposite sides of the element 9, as shown in Fig. 3, and project forwardly 1n the barrel, their forward ends passing loosely through notches 38 provided in the plate 26 upon the forward face of the element 7, the element 7 being cut away as shown in Fig. 4 on diametrically opposite. sides for the sake of lightness and simplicity n construction. The notches 38 are made .sufiiciently large to permit of the relative movement between the pins and the plate 26 on the forward face of the element 7 in the rotation of such parts.

The element 10 which forms together with the member 13 the distributor for the pressure-Huid, comprises a tubular member 37 rigid with the element 9 and an inner sleeve 38 fixed within said tubular member 37g and rotatably mounted upon the forward end of the member 13. In said member 37a and the sleeve'38 are formed the passages for the pressure-fluid. Said passages comprise longitudinally extending grooves 39, 39, 39b and 39c formed in the member 37a and opening at their forward ends into the rear ends of the cylinders 32, 32a, 32b and 32, respectively, and communicating with the interior of the sleeve 38 by means of slots 40, 40, 40b and 40, formed in the sleeve adjacent said grooves (Figs. 1 and 5). For controlling the iiow of pressure-fluid through said passages,'the member 13 at its forward end is shaped to provide a pair of diametrically opposite valve members 41 and 42 (Fig. 5). opposite sides of the member between said valve members being reduced to a diameter Asomewhat less than the internal diameter of `portrll and communicating at its rear end with an exhaust passage 43 opening to the atmosphere. The member 13 at its rear end is pressed into a socket 44 in the forward end of the handle- 2 so as to be firmly held in position therein. To further secure the member 13 in position, it may be provided with a rearwardly projecting stud 45 passing through an aperture in the forward portion 2b of the handle and having a clamping nut 46 thereon.

The operation of the tool is as follows: Assuming' the parts to be in the position shown-in the drawings, reference being had to Figs. 1 and 5 particularly, pressure-fluid flowing from the passageway 5 in the handle enters by way of the port 11 the inlet chamber 11*1 with the valve'portions 41 and 42 of the member 13 closing diametrically opposite slots 40 and 40h. In this position of the parts pressure-'duid passes through slot 40a into groove 39a and thence into the Yrear end of the cylinder 32a, driving the piston 8 therein forwardly and exerting pressure upon the element 7 through the medium of Y messes of passage 39 and slot 40 to the opposite,

side of the member 13, or into chamber 12, whence it is conducted by way of the `eirhaust pasageway 12 to the exhaust port 43 in the handle. Movement is imparted to the element 7 by the pressure of the piston in cylinder 32a, owing to the inclination of such element, and in such movement the element, through the medium of the pins 37 and pitmen 23, causes the element 9 to revolve and with it the element 10 of the distributor. rlhe movement being in .a clockwise direction (Fi 5) the slot 4:0 is carried from beneath t e valve portion 41 so that pressure-fluid is now also admitted by way of the passageway 39 to the cylinder 32. Pressure-fluid contines to act upon the piston in cylinder 32a until the slot 40*x moves beneath valve portion d2, and is successively admitted to cylinders 32 and '32", thus imparting a rotary motion to the element 7. ln such movement, also, pressurefluid is exhaustingfrom cylinders 32 and 32", and successively, in the rotation of the element 9, from the cylinders 32'El and 32. lt will thus be seen that pressure-duid is successively admitted to the cylinders in the rotation of the element 9 and is also successively exhausted from' the cylinders, at least one, and for the greater portion of the movement, two ci the cylinders receiving charges of pressure-duid while the other yone or two of the cylinders are exhausting. By this arrangement the two rearmost,l herein the two lowermost pistons are driven ierwardly to impart a rotary movement to the element 7 while the two uppermost or toremost pistons are tree to move rearwardly. Moredver, it will be noted that when one only of the pistons isreceiving a charge of pressure-Fluid such piston is positioned so asA to exert a maximum amount ot eective force upon the element 7 so that the element 7 is at no time at dead center.

lt will be seen that l have provided a tool of extreme simplicity in which pressuretluid acts directly upon an element to impart rotary movement thereto. rThe parte oi the tool are compactly arranged, and the tool as a whole is of light weight and of minimum size, permitting ot its use in restricted places. The location of the tool spindle 3 near the periphery oitLl the tool is especially advantageous in permitting access to corners and like places. l

While have herein illustrated and described the invention with considerable particularity, it will be understood that the invention is not to be limited, in the interpretation of the appended claims, except as may be necessitated by the prior art, `for many changes in construction and arrangement may doubtless be made without de parting from the spirit and scope of the invention.

l claim as my invention: ,x

l. A pressure-fiuid-actuated tool comprising, in combination, a casing having a forward section and a rear section, the rear section having a handlef rigid therewith and the forward section having a forwardly projecting journal bearing, said handle having a valve controlled air passage therein, valve means mounted in the rear section and adapted to control the low of pressure fluid from said passage, saidvalvc means including a stationary member having rigid therewith a journal extending forwardly into the rear section of the casing substantially coaxially thereof, a pluralitynof cylinders rotatable as al unit upon said journal, said valve means being adapted to control the dow of pressure duid to and from said cylinders, pistons in said cylinders, an inclined disk mounted in the forward casing section to rotate on an anis intersecting the axis et the cylinder unit, means operatively connecting said pistons with said inclined member whereby in the reciprocation ot the pistons to cause the said member to rotate, and a shaft journaled in the bearing in the forward casing section and having a gearing connection with said inclined member.

2. pressure duid actuated tool comprising., in combination, a cylindrical casing, a

stud disposed coanially of said casing and projecting `forwardly therein, a plurality of cylinders arranged circumierentially about said stud to be supported thereby and each having a piston therein, valve means Jfor controlling the flow et pressure i'inid to and from said cylinders including a stationary member mounted in the rear wall ci the casing, an inclined member operatively connected with said pistons and mounted in the forward end oit said casin to rotate on an axis extending substantia the casing, said inclined member having an elongated tubular portion and said casing having mounted therein at one side ci its axis a second' stud providing a support for said elongated portion of the inclined member, a shai't mounted in the :Forward end of the casing upon the side of the axis opposite said second stud but parallel with the axis of the casing, and a pair 'of bevel gears rigid with the inclined member and 'with said shaft respectively whereby rotary motion imparted to the inclined member is transmitted to the shaft. f

ln testimony whereof, l have hereunto set' my hand. i,

, ALBERT SCHNKEZ.

y diagonally' or",

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